Having a Baby

Italy's family support system is comprehensive and generous by European standards. Birth registration must occur within 10 days at the Comune's Ufficio di Stato Civile or directly at the hospital, which automatically generates the baby's codice fiscale (tax ID). Unmarried parents must both be present for the father to be recognized. The cornerstone of family support is Assegno Unico Universale, introduced in 2022, which consolidates previous benefits into one monthly payment of €175-350 per child depending on ISEE (family economic indicator) - all families receive this regardless of income, though amounts vary. Maternity leave (congedo di maternità) is mandatory: 5 months at 80% salary paid by INPS (most employers top up to 100%), typically 2 months before birth and 3 after (flexible within limits). Fathers must take 10 days paid paternity leave within 5 months of birth - this became mandatory in 2022 at 100% salary. Beyond mandatory leave, parents can take up to 10 months additional parental leave (congedo parentale) until the child is 12, with the first 6 months paid at 30% salary. Mothers must register with the local ASL to choose a pediatra di base (pediatrician) who provides free healthcare. Daycare (asilo nido) is available from 3 months but has waitlists in cities; costs are income-based (€200-700/month for public, higher for private).